ISSCC 2009 / SESSION 24 / WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY / 24 . 6 24 . 6 A 1 . 1 V 5 - to - 6 GHz Reduced - Component Direct - Conversion Transmit Signal Path in 45 nm CMOS

With the advent of small mobile internet devices (MIDs) and a rising consumer demand for multiple simultaneous transmit and receive communication links, the need for highly programmable, low-cost transceiver front-ends that co-exist with other radios on the same platform or die, has increased. For the past decade, CMOS technologies have demonstrated the ability to integrate the entire transceiver into a single silicon substrate, even for radio standards requiring the most aggressive performance [1-3]. However, concurrent trends associated with required transceiver performance in a co-existing radio environment, coupled with the low supply voltage and low-intrinsic device gain (gmro) associated with modern, nm-length CMOS devices, are presenting a new set of challenges for the analog-RF IC designer [4].